4. 泵的運(yùn)行與維護(hù)
● 水泵、電機(jī)應(yīng)無異常聲響，潤滑情況良好；
● 泵及電機(jī)的振動不超過0.06mm；
● 定期檢查油質(zhì)、油位，更換或添加潤滑油；
按照設(shè)備切換制度，倒換備用泵。
● 泵的切換運(yùn)行
先合上備用水泵電源開關(guān)，待水泵出口壓力穩(wěn)定后緩慢開啟水泵出口閥，調(diào)整出口流量正常；然后
關(guān)閉原運(yùn)行泵的出口閥，再停運(yùn)原運(yùn)行的水泵。
水泵的運(yùn)行監(jiān)督
每2小時(shí)記錄泵的出口壓力一次；
每2小時(shí)檢查電機(jī)電流及電機(jī)溫升一次，溫升應(yīng)不大于60℃，軸承溫度應(yīng)不超過80℃；
每班檢查水泵油箱油位、油質(zhì)一次，油位應(yīng)正常，油質(zhì)應(yīng)良好；
水泵的轉(zhuǎn)動部件和電機(jī)內(nèi)部無異音；
增加水泵流量時(shí)不應(yīng)使壓力降落太大，以避免電機(jī)超負(fù)荷；
水泵的冷卻水應(yīng)暢通；
電纜頭應(yīng)無發(fā)熱、漏電、漏油等現(xiàn)象；
及時(shí)檢查泵運(yùn)行情況，發(fā)現(xiàn)異常及時(shí)處理。
5. 離心泵的故障處理
● 泵及電動機(jī)在運(yùn)行中發(fā)生下列情況，應(yīng)立即停止運(yùn)行：
發(fā)生人身事故；
電動機(jī)軸承冒煙或起火；
泵及電動機(jī)發(fā)生劇烈震動、竄動及異常聲響；
水泵內(nèi)有明顯的金屬聲和撞擊聲；
泵殼破裂大量漏水或盤根嚴(yán)重發(fā)熱；
電動機(jī)或軸承達(dá)到極限溫度。
現(xiàn)象 可能原因 排除方法
水泵打不出水 ①入口閥未打開或閥芯脫落 ①全開入口閥或聯(lián)系檢修
②水箱無水或水位低 ②提高水箱水位
③泵內(nèi)有空氣 ③排除泵內(nèi)空氣
水泵出力不足 ①水泵密封環(huán)或葉輪磨損過多 ①檢修更換零件
②進(jìn)口底閥、進(jìn)口管道或葉輪有異物堵塞 ②停泵由檢修人員清理異物
③旋轉(zhuǎn)方向錯誤 ③通知檢修人員改變電動機(jī)接線
軸承過熱或有雜音 ①油質(zhì)不良 ①更換新油
②加油不足或加油過多 ②調(diào)整加油量
③軸承磨損或松動竄動 ③進(jìn)行檢修
④軸中心不正 ④停止運(yùn)行，通知檢修
水泵振動大 ①泵內(nèi)有空氣或出口閥開度過小或泵體溫度高 ①排除泵內(nèi)空氣，開大出
口閥
②地腳螺絲松動 ②緊地腳螺絲
③電動機(jī)和泵軸不平衡或軸承和轉(zhuǎn)動部分嚴(yán)重磨損 ③停泵檢修
④管道支架固定不牢 ④加固支架
⑤轉(zhuǎn)動部分零件松弛 ⑤緊固松弛部分
● 加藥泵的故障處理
現(xiàn)象 可能原因 排除方法
完全不排液或排液不足 ①電源或電機(jī)缺相 ①檢查保險(xiǎn)絲、接觸器、電機(jī)繞組接線
②出口閥未開 ②打開出口閥門
③入口管道漏氣 ③壓緊或更換法蘭墊片
④入口管道阻塞 ④清洗疏通入口管道
⑤柱塞密封泄漏嚴(yán)重 ⑤調(diào)整填料壓蓋或聯(lián)系檢修更換填料
⑥吸入或排出球閥壞，落入異物 ⑥聯(lián)系檢修處理
運(yùn)動件過熱 ①充油腔內(nèi)有氣體 ①人工補(bǔ)油使安全閥跳開排氣
②充油腔內(nèi)油量不足或有雜物 ②經(jīng)補(bǔ)償閥作人工補(bǔ)油或排油
③補(bǔ)償閥或安全閥漏油 ③對閥進(jìn)行研磨
④填料壓得過緊 ④調(diào)整填料壓蓋
排出壓力不穩(wěn)定 ①吸入或排出閥內(nèi)有雜物卡住 ①反沖吸入、排出閥
②隔膜限制極限或排出管連接處漏液 ②擰緊連接處螺絲
③補(bǔ)償閥或安全閥動作失靈 ③按安全補(bǔ)油閥組的調(diào)試方法進(jìn)行調(diào)整
計(jì)量精度不夠 ①充油腔內(nèi)有殘余氣體 ①人工補(bǔ)油使安全閥跳開排氣
②補(bǔ)油閥或安全閥動作失靈 ②按安全補(bǔ)油閥組的調(diào)試方法進(jìn)行調(diào)整
③柱塞密封填料漏液 ③調(diào)整或更換密封圈
④隔膜片發(fā)生永久變形 ④更換隔膜片
⑤吸入或排出閥磨損 ⑤更換新閥
⑥電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速不穩(wěn)定 ⑥穩(wěn)定電源頻率和電壓
運(yùn)行中有沖擊聲 ①傳動零件松動或嚴(yán)重磨損 ①聯(lián)系消缺
②吸入高度過高 ②降低安裝高度
③吸入管道漏氣 ③壓緊吸入法蘭
④隔膜腔內(nèi)油量過多 ④輕壓補(bǔ)償閥作人工瞬間排油
⑤介質(zhì)中有空氣 ⑤排出介質(zhì)中的空氣
⑥吸入管徑太小 ⑥增大吸入管徑
4. Operation and maintenance of pump
●The water pump and motor shall free of unusual sound; the unit lubrication shall be
good;
●The vibration of pump and motor shall not be greater than 0.06mm;
●Inspect the oil material, oil level, replacement or feeding the oil in a regular
interval;
Replaces the backup pump according to the equipment replacement system,.
●Switching operation of pump
Closes the spare water pump power switch first, then open the water pump outlet valve
slowly when the water pump outlet pressure is stable; adjust the rate of discharge to
a normal level; closes the outlet valve of the original operating pumps and shut down
the original operating water pump.
Operating surveillance of water pump
Records pump outlet pressure every 2 hours;
Inspect the motor current and temperature rise every 2 hours; the temperature rise
shall not be greater than 60℃,; the bearing temperature shall not be greater than 80
℃;
Inspects the oil level of fuel tank of water pump and oil material one time for each
shift; the oil level shall be normal and the oil material shall be good;
The rotating part of water pump and interior motor shall free of abnormal sound;
Do not cause pressure drop abruptly to avoid the over load of motor while increasing
the flow rate of water pump;
The discharging of cooling water of water pump shall be free;
Cable head shall free of phenomena of heating, electric leakage and oil leakage;
Inspects the operating situation of pump in time and applies the relevant measure in
case of abnormal condition.
5. Centrifugal pump failure treatment
●It is required to shut down the operating in case of the following situation of pump
and motor during the operation:
Accident of personal injury;
Smoke or fire of motor bearing;
Fierce vibration, abnormal movement and sound of pump and motor;
Obvious metal sound and the impact noise inside the water pump;
The pump body crack to cause massive water leakages or serious heating of unit
foundation;
Motor or bearing reaches to a limited temperature.
Situation Possible reason Troubleshooting method
The water pump could get no water ①The inlet valve has not opened or the valve
core falls off ①Opens all inlet valves or contacts repairing department;
②The water tank has no water or the water level is low; ②Raises the
water level of tank;
③There is air in the pump ③Remove the air from the pump
Insufficient output power of water pump ①The sealing ring of water pump or
impeller is serious wear out ①Repairs or replaces the components
②Foreign bodies blocked in the foot valve, inlet pipeline or impeller;
②Shut off the pump and informs the repairing personnel to clean up the foreign
objects;
③wrong side of rotation ③Informs the repairing personnel to change
the wiring of motor;
The bearing is overheat or has the noise ①The oil material is not good ①
Replace to fresh oil
②Oil is in short supply or has too much oil; ②Adjusts fuel charge;
③Bearing is worn out, loose or has an erratic action ③Repairing
④The axis is not in a center place; ④Shuts off the operation and informs
to the repairing personnel;
Greater water pump vibration ①There is air in the pump or the opening of outlet
valve is insufficient or the temperature of pump body is high ①Removes the air of
pump; turns up the outlet valve
②The foot screw is loose ②Tight the foot screw
③Motor and pump shaft is unbalanced or bearing and movable part is serious
worn out ③Shuts off the pump and repairs
④The pipe supporting is not firmly fixed ④Strengthening the
supporting;
⑤The movable part is loose ⑤Strengthening the loosing part;