隔離開關安裝手冊翻譯-中英對照
隔離開關本體為單相結構，有R型和L型二種。其結構如圖5所示，它是通過拐臂帶動絕緣拉桿實現(xiàn)動靜觸頭分合閘操作。隔離開關的三相配一臺操動機構，見圖6。電動機操動機構是由電動機、傳動機構、微動開關、輔助開關等組成。它是由電動機帶動蝸桿、蝸輪轉動，使隔離開關和接地開關通過連桿系統(tǒng)實現(xiàn)分合閘操作。隔離開關必須具有一定開合能力時，可以配用電動彈簧操動機構，見圖7。電動彈簧操動機構是由電動機、傳動機構、貯能彈簧、緩沖器、微動開關、輔助開關等組成。它是由電動機帶動蝸桿、蝸輪轉動，再帶動拐臂轉動使彈簧壓縮儲能，當彈簧能量釋放時，帶動機構的輸出軸轉動，通過連桿系統(tǒng)使隔離開關和接地開關實現(xiàn)分合閘操作。為了監(jiān)視隔離開關的斷口狀況，在外殼上可以開設觀察窗。隔離開關的分合閘位置可以由操作拐臂于隔離開關制動螺釘之間的間隙確定。
圖5 隔離接地組合開關結構示意圖
左圖：GR型隔離開關        右圖：GL型隔離開關
5．2．3 接地開關
接地開關分為快速接地開關和工作接地開關。快速接地開關配電動彈簧操動機構，具有關合短路和開合感應電流的能力。工作接地開關配電動機操動機構，作為檢修時的安全保護。
接地開關本體為單相機構。三相共用一臺操動機構，本體通過密封軸、拐臂及連板與操動機構相連，其結構如圖5所示。接地開關與隔離開關和斷路器之間設有電氣聯(lián)鎖，以防止誤操作的發(fā)生。
電動操動機構和電動彈簧操動機構都可以就地手動操作。結構原理圖如圖6、圖7所示
（圖上文字，對照的方式：）
轉換開關  
分合閘定位置
輸出拐臂
拉桿                 減速齒輪 
分合閘指示
輸出軸
蝸輪 
蝸桿  
電動機  
圖6 電動操動機構
（圖上文字，對照的方式：）
轉換開關
  合閘定緩沖位 
   合閘定緩沖定裝置 
 傳動銷    
輸出拐臂 
傳動拐臂
             手動齒輪
              彈簧上座
              彈簧
              掛簧拐臂
彈簧下座
拉桿
指示牌
輸出軸
蝸輪
蝸桿
減速齒輪
電動機
圖7  電動彈簧操動機構
5．2．4 電流互感器
電流互感器是GIS中的電量測量與保護元件，其結構如圖8所示。在使用中，二次回路不能開路，否則會產(chǎn)生高電壓而造成設備損壞。
圖8 電流互感器結構示意圖
5．2．5 電壓互感器
本GIS采用的電磁式電壓互感器以SF6氣體絕緣，主要由電容分壓器和電
磁單元組成。
5．2．6 避雷器
本GIS采用罐式氧化鋅避雷器，其結構見圖。
圖9 避雷器結構示意圖
5．2．7 母線
本GIS的主母線為三相共筒型結構。見圖10。
圖10 母線筒結構示意圖
5．2．8 控制柜
控制柜（LCP）是對GIS進行現(xiàn)場監(jiān)視與控制的集中控制屏，一般具有就地操作、信號傳輸、保護、中繼和對SF6系統(tǒng)進行監(jiān)控等功能。
主要作用如下：
a) 實施高壓開關就地遠方選擇操作，在控制柜上進行就地操作。
b) 監(jiān)視高壓開關分、合閘位置狀態(tài)。
c) 監(jiān)視GIS各氣室SF6氣體密度是否處于正常狀態(tài)。
d) 實現(xiàn)GIS本間隔內(nèi)高壓開關元件之間的電氣聯(lián)鎖及間隔間各種開關元件的電氣聯(lián)鎖。
e) 顯示一次主接線形式及運行狀態(tài)。
f) 作為GIS各元件間及GIS與主控室之間的中繼端子箱，接受或發(fā)送信號。
g) 監(jiān)視控制回路電源是否正常，并通過電源開關、熔斷器、保護開關對LCP及GIS的二次控制系統(tǒng)進行保護。
h) 實施對GIS各SF6氣室進行抽真空、充氣及氣體取樣。
6. 包裝、運輸和儲存
6.1 GIS經(jīng)調(diào)試合格后，一般可以以間隔為單位整體包裝、運輸。
6.2 包裝前設備內(nèi)部一般充有0.02～0.05MPa的氣體，并裝有吸附劑，可以防止灰塵和潮氣進入。
6.3 每個工程設備由若干包裝運輸單元組成。出廠前，包裝應按裝箱單全面檢查。
6.4 在運輸裝卸過程中應避免劇烈震動，以防止設備內(nèi)部損壞。
6.5 產(chǎn)品到達安裝現(xiàn)場時應貯存在干燥潔凈的地方。
5 Structure and operation principle
5.1 GIS system
GIS system generally includes incoming line interval, outlet interval, measurement and protecting interval, etc. It is applicable to adopt different wiring method according to the different requirements of users such as single bus, single segmenting, duplicate-bus and Gratz connection, etc.
The typical interval unit is as Fig. 1
絕緣體 insulator  導體conductor

Fig. 1 Typical interval unit
In this GIS system, except main bus belongs to the GIS structure, the other components are single phase structure. It is applicable to assemble these standard components into various kinds of interval required by the users. The main circuit conductor is supported in the middle of the outer cover by the solid insulating parts. By utilizing the tulip contract as the transmitting connection, it is applicable to connect with overhead wire through the bushing and connect with the electric cable or the voltage transformer bushing directly as well.
According to the requirement, the gas system of GIS may be divided into several dry air chambers, such as circuit breaker chamber, bus chamber, air chamber of inlet and outlet line, air chamber of voltage transformer and air chamber of arrester, etc..
Generally, each interval is arranged with one switch board on the spot. Each gas monitoring device of air chamber and the secondary parts as each control\ circuit of component are all concentrated in switch board.
5.2 Parts structure
5.2.1 Circuit breaker
a) General structure
The circuit breaker belongs to pot type structure, as Fig. 2 shows. Each phrase is operated by one CTB-I spring operating mechanism and apples the electrical interlocking device.
Fig. 2   Appearance of three-phrase circuit
b) Principle of monopolar structure
As Fig. 3 shows, fixed contact is supported on the pot top by the two insulating tube of epoxy cast. Moving contact is supported on the pot bottom by the insulating tube, and is connected with the insulating pull rod and connecting lever case. Arc extinguish chamber is the thermal expansion chamber with the structure of self energy arc-quenching and equiped with auxiliary plenum chamber. The arc-quenching process is chiefly by self energy arc-quenching and gas pressure arc-quenching as the complementary.
In closing position, the main circuit starts from the outlet terminal and passes the fixed contact, moving contact, cylinder and middle contact to lower outlet terminal.
In opening operation, the insulating operating pole drives the moving arc contact, spout, air cylinder, pull rod downward fast under the action opening spring. During this process, the fixed contact is separated with the moving contact at first, and then fixed contact is separated with the moving arc contact and produces the electric arc. While opening the short current, the current is so large that the arc energy between the arc contacts is large as well. The heat steam in arc district flows into the thermal expansion chamber, and carry on heat exchange in the thermal expansion chamber, so the non-return valve is closed.
Fig. 3 Single-phase circuit breaker
In case of current zero point, the high-pressure gas in the thermal expansion chamber blows to the fractures and makes the electric arc go out. During the course of opening process, the gas in the compression chamber begins to be compressed, after reaching certain pressure, the elasticity depressurizes valve of the bottom opens to press gas while release the gas. In this way, the mechanism shall not overcome more counterforce of pressing gas, thus greatly reduced the power of operation. While opening the small current (usually below several kilo amperes), as the arc energy is small, the pressure produced in the thermal expansion chamber is small as well. The pressure of the air pressing chamber is higher than the pressure of thermal expansion chamber at this moment. When the non-return valve is opened, the compressed gas is blown to the fracture. In case of current zero point, this gas with certain pressure blows to the fracture to make the electric arc go out.
While in closing operation, the insulating pole moves upward and drives the moving contact, cylinder and the other movable part upward. At this moment, SF6 gas enters air cylinder rapidly. During the closing process, the fixed arc contact and moving arc contact are connected at first, and then the active fixed contact is connected and finishes the closing operation.
C) Structure and principle of the spring mechanism
This circuit breaker applies the structure of CTB-I spring operating mechanism.
The spring operating mechanism installs in the base of unit; unit appearance and operation principle see Fig. 4
Principle of spring operating mechanism:
1) Energy storage operation: one AC-DC motor drive the gear wheel to rotate and transfer to the large and small pawl in 90 degree. These large and small pawls then drive the ratchet wheel to rotate. The closing spring with one fixed end is compressed by the linked pull rod to store the energy; the motor shutdown is completed by a micro-switch to cut-out the power. The motor is equipped with over-current protecting device and the function of disconnecting the power by force of 15S.
2) Closing operation: When the closing coil accepts the instruction, the operating pole drives release to operate. The arresting device of closing is propped up and the pawl wheel is released. The compressed spring release the energy and drive the cam to rotate, and then the cam strikes the gyro wheel and make turn arm rotate and finishes closing operation. The end of closing switch is arranged with buffer for absorbing the surplus energy.
In addition, the result of closing operation is that the spring of closing switch connected with the turn arm is compressed and store the energy.
3) Opening operation: When the opening coil accepts the instruction, the operating pole drives release to operate. The arresting device of opening is propped up the releasing arm. The opening spring drive turn arm to rotate and finish the opening operation. The buffers at the end of opening switch may absorb surplus energy.
4) Reclosing operation: in the status that the closing spring and opening spring is stored the energy (working state of GCB/GIS); the instruction of opening- 0.3S- closing may start that operation.
輸出拐臂1   
Output turn arm 1
輸出拐臂2  
Output turn arm 2
檢修分閘部分的防動銷
Locking pin for repairing the openig switch parts
分閘線圈
Opening coil    
合閘線圈
Closing coil   
合閘彈簧
Opening spring
檢修分閘部分的防動銷
Locking pin for repairing the openig switch parts
分閘彈簧及緩沖器
Opening spring and buffer 棘爪
Pawl
凸輪
Cam
分閘彈簧
Opening spring
拐臂
Turn arm
合閘彈簧
Closing spring
分閘保持掣子
Arresting device of opening switch
棘輪
Pawl wheel
滅弧室 
Arc extinguishing chamber
合閘保持掣子
Arresting device of closing switch
合閘脫扣器
Release of closing switch
合閘位置（合閘彈簧已儲備能）
Location of closing switch(the closing spring stored the energy) 
分閘線圈
Opening switch coil
分閘位置（合閘彈簧已儲備能）
Location of opening switch(the closing spring stored the energy)  
合閘位置（合閘彈簧已儲備能）
Location of closing switch(the closing spring stored the energy)
Fig.4. Appearance and principle of CTB-I spring operating mechanism
5.2.2 Isolating switch
The basis of isolating switch is single-phase structure, including R type and L type. As indicated in Fig. 5, the opening and closing operation of moving and fixing contact is realized by driving the insulating pull rod through turn arm. Isolating switch of three phases is equipped with an operating mechanism. See Fig. 6. The operating mechanism of motor is consisted by transmission mechanism, micro-switch and auxiliary switch, etc. The motor drives the worm gear and worm wheel to rotate and ensure the isolating switch and grounding switch pass the leakage system so as to realized the opening and closing operation. The isolating switch shall have certain opening and closing performance, and is applicable to cooperate the operating of electronic spring operating mechanism. See Fig. 7.The electronic spring operating mechanism is comprised by a motor, a transmission mechanism, an energy storage spring, a buffer, a micro-switch and an auxiliary switch, etc. The motor drives the worm gear and worm wheel to rotate and moves turn arm to make the spring compressed and store the energy. When the energy of the spring is released, it drives the output shaft of mechanism to rotate, and passes the leakage system so as to realize the opening and closing operation. In order to monitor the fracture status, the observation window may be arranged on the outer cover. The location of opening and closing of isolating switch may be defined through the clearance between the turn arm and barking screw of isolating switch.
Fig.5. Schematic diagram of the switch structure of isolating and grounding combination
Left Fig: GR type isolates the switch         Right Fig: GL type isolates the switch
5.2.3 Grounding switch
The grounding switch may be divided into the fast grounding switch and operational grounding switch. The fast grounding switch is equipped with the electronic spring operating mechanism, which has the function of shut off the short circuit and connecting the induced current. The operational grounding switch is equipped with the motor operating mechanism, which may provide the safe protection in maintenance.
The basis of isolating switch is single-phase structure. Isolating switch of three phases is equipped with an operating mechanism. The basis is connected with the operating mechanism through sealed axle, turn arm and linking board. The structure is indicated as Fig. 5. The electrical interlocking device is arranged between the grounding switch and isolating switch and breaker in order to prevent the incorrect operation.
The electronic mechanism and operating mechanism of electronic spring may operate manually. The structure principle drawing is indicated as Fig. 6 and Fig. 7.
  轉換開關
Transfer switch  
分合閘定位置
Location of opening and closing switch
輸出拐臂
Output turn arm
拉桿
Pull rod
減速齒輪
Reduction gear
分合閘指示
Instruction of opening and closing switch
輸出軸
Output shaft
蝸輪
Worm wheel
蝸桿
Worm gear
電動機
Motor
Fig. 6 Electronic operating mechanism

武漢翻譯公司

2013.6.3